THE RODENTS IN THE ANIMAL FARMS - PROBLEMS, RISK AND EFFICIENCY OF THE CONTROL
Sl. Kesiakova, A. Dimitrova, P. Subev, T. Savova- Lalkovska, G. Zhelev, S. Yordanov, T. Marinkov
Abstract: Тhe purpose of this study was to determinate population peculiarities, the level of epizootic risk and control of rodents in various industrial animal farms. 31 farms from industrial type with a manufacturing different direction were studied. Samples from 38 gray rat (Rattus norvegicus), 50 black rat (Rattus rattus) and 12 mice (Mus musculus), coming out of 15 farms were investigated microbiologically. Parasitological were examined fecal samples from 48 synantropic rodents.
Studies on the problems, risks and control of rodents in modern livestock farms in the country showed that the active rodent holes in the latest developments are an average of 3-5 per 1000 m2, at 20-30 and over 1000 m2 in the older (over 10 years of operation) complexes. The rodents permanently seized vital areas mostly in the roofs of buildings and insulation materials in them contribute to this process. This is the main reason in a growing percentage of the farms, the dominant species is a more warm temperatures black rat. The studies show that 3-5 years after constructed complex is enough time to create a sedentary (settled permanently and optimally structured) population of rodents.
In the investigated farms rodents realize hidden epizootic risk by their participation in the process of forming microbe flora. The variety of species of microorganisms in rodents that come from farms with co-breeding animals is richer, compared to rodents from farms with one species animals.
Studies on the problems, risks and control of rodents in modern livestock farms in the country showed that the active rodent holes in the latest developments are an average of 3-5 per 1000 m2, at 20-30 and over 1000 m2 in the older (over 10 years of operation) complexes. The rodents permanently seized vital areas mostly in the roofs of buildings and insulation materials in them contribute to this process. This is the main reason in a growing percentage of the farms, the dominant species is a more warm temperatures black rat. The studies show that 3-5 years after constructed complex is enough time to create a sedentary (settled permanently and optimally structured) population of rodents.
In the investigated farms rodents realize hidden epizootic risk by their participation in the process of forming microbe flora. The variety of species of microorganisms in rodents that come from farms with co-breeding animals is richer, compared to rodents from farms with one species animals.
Keywords: effectiveness of the control; microbial and parasitological investigations; risk; rodents
Date published: 2017-03-14
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