Инкубационни характеристики на някои български породи кокошки
Христо Луканов
Abstract: Целта на проучването беше да се изследват основните инкубационни характеристики при четири български породи кокошки, произлизащи от Югозападна България – Родопска шарена кокошка (RPCh), Български певец (BL), Югозападно-българска кокошка (SWBCh) и Струмска кокошка (SCh). Бяха използвани разплодни яйца, предоставени от любители птицевъди, както следва: 276 броя от RPCh, 366 броя от BL, 254 броя от SWBCh и 180 броя от SCh. Средната маса на разплодните яйца беше най-висока при група BL (58,02±5,58 g) и най-ниска при група SWBCh (52,29±3,62 g). Отчетените средни стойности по отношение индекс на формата варираха между 73,92±2,95% (SCh) и 78,32±3,29% (RPCh). С най-високи стойности по признака люпимост се отличаваше групата RPCh, съответно 84,06% от заредените яйца и 86,23% от оплодените. Най-неблагоприятни резултати по отношение люпимостта бяха отчетени при породата SCh, съответно 61,11% люпимост от заредените яйца и 76,67% люпимост от оплодените. Останалите две породи показаха междинни стойности по отношение на признака люпимост от заредените яйца, съответно 75,41% при LB и 79,53% при SWBCh. Най-висок дял на неоплодените яйца беше отчетен при SCh (15,56%), а най-нисък при RPCh (2,17%). Най-висок дял на бракувани яйца (неоплодени, с мъртъв ембрион и неизлюпени) и пилета беше отчетен при група SCh (42,22%), а най-нисък - при група RPCh (17,39%). Това изследване дава възможност да се определи относителния възпроизводствен потенциал на проучваните породи кокошки. Може да се обобщи, че с най-благоприятни инкубационни характеристики се отличава породата RPCh, а с най-неблагоприятни – SCh.
Keywords: индекс на формата; маса на яйцата; ембрионална смъртност; люпимост; възпроизводителни характеристики
Citation: Lukanov, H. (2023). Incubation characteristics of some Bulgarian chicken breeds. Bulgarian Journal of Animal Husbandry, 60(6), 44-52 (Bg).
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| Date published: 2023-12-21
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