ANTHRAX IN ANIMALS - MANIFESTATION, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREVENTION
Simeon Yordanov, Albena Dimitrova
Abstract: Anthrax is a deadly disease for animals and humans, which occurs mainly acutely - in a septicemic form, with inflammatory-necrotic processes in different organs. It is caused by Bacillus anthracis. The disease is widespread in Asia, Africa, Central and South America and southern Europe. In our country, until the end of the 20th century, anthrax in animals was a serious problem, but with the
implementation of systematic, annual vaccinations of susceptible animals in stationary outbreaks and strict diagnostic control in the National Reference Laboratory (NRL), the incidence dropped sharply and now only single cases. The article presents the most important characteristics of the causative agent, epizootological features of the infection, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the disease. The diagnostic methods used and the possibilities for immunoprophylaxis and control of anthrax in animals were reviewed, in accordance with the requirements of Ordinance No. 6/October 5, 2020. Modern molecular methods for detection and identification of B. anthracis are indicated. The application of B. anthracis produced lethal factor (LF) and protective antigen (PA), as an alternative in cancer therapy is described. Anthrax is discussed in the context of the One Health concept.
implementation of systematic, annual vaccinations of susceptible animals in stationary outbreaks and strict diagnostic control in the National Reference Laboratory (NRL), the incidence dropped sharply and now only single cases. The article presents the most important characteristics of the causative agent, epizootological features of the infection, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the disease. The diagnostic methods used and the possibilities for immunoprophylaxis and control of anthrax in animals were reviewed, in accordance with the requirements of Ordinance No. 6/October 5, 2020. Modern molecular methods for detection and identification of B. anthracis are indicated. The application of B. anthracis produced lethal factor (LF) and protective antigen (PA), as an alternative in cancer therapy is described. Anthrax is discussed in the context of the One Health concept.
Keywords: animals; anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; control; epizootology; manifestations; prevention
Citation: Yordanov, S. & Dimitrova, A. (2023). Anthrax in animals - manifestation, diagnostics and prevention. Bulgarian Journal of Animal Husbandry, 60(3), 37-47 (Bg)
Date published: 2023-06-28
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